Skip to content

Handwritten notes · Part 7

Operating System Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

By Published

26 pages of handwritten-style OS notes for placements and interviews: processes, threads, CPU scheduling with Gantt charts, mutex vs semaphore, deadlock and Banker's algorithm, paging, virtual memory, page replacement and disk scheduling, with solved numericals, in English with Hinglish.

Pages
26
Format
A4 PDF
Language
English + Hinglish
Price
Free by email
Cover of Operating System handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

What's inside

24 topics, one page each

  1. 01What an OS does, user vs kernel mode, system calls
  2. 02Types of OS, monolithic vs microkernel, booting
  3. 03Process, PCB and process memory layout
  4. 04Process states, context switch, schedulers
  5. 05Process vs thread, concurrency vs parallelism
  6. 06fork(), zombie and orphan processes, IPC
  7. 07CPU scheduling terms and formulas
  8. 08FCFS and SJF with Gantt charts
  9. 09Round Robin, priority, SRTF and aging
  10. 10Race condition, critical section, Peterson's solution
  11. 11Mutex vs semaphore
  12. 12Producer-consumer, readers-writers, dining philosophers
  13. 13Deadlock and the four Coffman conditions
  14. 14Deadlock prevention, avoidance and Banker's algorithm
  15. 15Memory allocation and fragmentation
  16. 16Paging, TLB and address translation
  17. 17Segmentation and multi-level page tables
  18. 18Virtual memory, demand paging and page faults
  19. 19Page replacement: FIFO, LRU, Optimal, Belady's anomaly
  20. 20Thrashing and the working set
  21. 21File allocation, inodes, hard vs soft links
  22. 22Disk scheduling: FCFS, SSTF, SCAN, LOOK, C-SCAN
  23. 23Numericals and output questions
  24. 24Last-minute revision cheat sheet

Look inside

Sample pages

Preview 6 pages below. Email me to request the complete 26-page PDF at no charge.

Operating Systems is the theory subject that shows up in almost every placement interview, and the questions are surprisingly predictable: process vs thread, mutex vs semaphore, the four deadlock conditions, paging, and one scheduling or page-replacement numerical. These notes cover all of it, one topic per page, with every numerical solved.

What makes these Operating System notes different?

  • Numericals solved properly. FCFS, SJF and Round Robin on the same four processes, with Gantt charts and full tables, so you can see how the averages change.
  • Diagrams for the hard parts. Process states, threads in a process, address translation, the deadlock cycle and the thrashing curve, all drawn by hand.
  • The comparisons interviewers ask. Process vs thread, mutex vs semaphore, paging vs segmentation, zombie vs orphan, deadlock vs starvation.
  • Hinglish where it helps. Every hard concept gets a short Hinglish explanation next to the English definition.

How should you use these Operating System notes?

Solve each numerical on paper before you read the answer, then check yourself with the questions near the end. The last page is a one-page revision sheet for the night before the interview.

This is Part 7 of the series. Pair it with the SQL and DBMS handwritten notes for the other core CS subject in placement interviews.

FAQ

Questions about these notes

Are these OS notes really free?

Yes. The full 26-page PDF is free; email me to request the complete PDF. Share it with friends preparing for placements.

Do these notes include solved numericals?

Yes. FCFS, SJF and Round Robin scheduling are solved with Gantt charts and full TAT/WT tables, plus Banker's algorithm, paging address translation, effective access time, page replacement and disk scheduling, all worked step by step.

Is this enough for OS questions in placement interviews?

It covers the topics that come up most: process vs thread, scheduling, mutex vs semaphore, deadlock, paging, virtual memory and page replacement. For deeper study, pair it with a standard textbook like Silberschatz.

Do the notes cover mutex vs semaphore?

Yes, with definitions, the wait() and signal() code, a comparison table, the ownership difference and the classic producer-consumer solution.

Placement Series

More from the series

Cover of JavaScript handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 1

JavaScript Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style JavaScript notes for placements and interviews: hoisting, closures, this, prototypes, promises, the event loop, polyfills and output-based questions, explained in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of C++ handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 2

C++ Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style C++ notes for placements and interviews: pointers, references, memory, OOP, virtual functions and vtables, templates, STL and smart pointers, explained in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of React handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 3

React Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style React notes for placements and frontend interviews: JSX, state, useEffect, useRef, memoization, Context, useReducer, custom hooks, virtual DOM, React Router, Redux Toolkit, React 18 and 19, and SSR, explained in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Node.js handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 4

Node.js Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style Node.js notes for placements and backend interviews: the event loop, libuv thread pool, modules, streams, Express middleware, REST APIs, JWT auth, security, MongoDB, scaling and Socket.io, explained in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Python handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 5

Python Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style Python notes for placements and interviews: mutability, lists and dicts, comprehensions, *args and **kwargs, decorators, generators, OOP, dunder methods, the GIL and Python for DSA, explained in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of SQL handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 6

SQL Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style SQL and DBMS notes for placements and interviews: joins, NULL traps, order of execution, GROUP BY, subqueries, CTEs, window functions, Nth highest salary, normalization, indexes, ACID and isolation levels, explained in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Computer Networks handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 8

Computer Networks Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style Computer Networks notes for placements and interviews: OSI and TCP/IP models, subnetting, ARP, DHCP, NAT, routing, TCP vs UDP, the 3-way handshake, DNS, HTTP, HTTPS and TLS, and what happens when you type a URL, with solved numericals, in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of OOPs handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 9

OOPs Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style OOPs notes for placements and interviews: the 4 pillars, abstract class vs interface, overloading vs overriding, dynamic dispatch, composition vs aggregation, SOLID, design patterns, equals and hashCode, with Java examples and Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Java handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 10

Java Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style core Java notes for placements and interviews: JVM memory, the Integer cache, Strings, pass by value, Collections, HashMap internals, generics, multithreading, Java 8 streams and garbage collection, explained in English with Hinglish.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of DSA handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 11

DSA Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style DSA notes for placements and coding interviews: Big-O, sliding window, two pointers, binary search, linked lists, trees, heaps, graphs, Dijkstra, union-find, greedy and dynamic programming, with clean C++ templates and Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Aptitude handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 12

Aptitude Handwritten Notes with Tricks for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style aptitude notes for placement tests: speed maths, number system, percentages, profit and loss, interest, time and work, time speed distance, permutations, probability, series, coding-decoding, blood relations, directions, seating, syllogisms and clocks, with shortcuts, solved examples and Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of System Design handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 13

System Design Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style system design notes for placements and interviews: a step-by-step answer framework, estimation, load balancers, caching, CDN, SQL vs NoSQL, replication, sharding, consistent hashing, CAP, Kafka, API design, rate limiting, microservices and reliability, plus case studies and a low-level design, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of TypeScript handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 14

TypeScript Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style TypeScript notes for placements and interviews: basic types, any vs unknown vs never, type vs interface, narrowing, discriminated unions, generics, keyof, utility types, mapped and conditional types, classes, enums, tsconfig, React and Node with Zod, common errors and a type quiz, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Next.js handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 15

Next.js Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF, Next.js 16)

26 pages of handwritten-style Next.js 16 notes for placements and interviews: App Router, special files, dynamic and parallel routes, Server vs Client Components, data fetching and streaming, use cache, cacheLife and revalidation, Partial Prerendering, Server Actions, forms, route handlers, proxy, metadata and SEO, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of C handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 16

C Language Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style C language notes for placements and interviews: compilation stages, data types and format specifiers, operators and precedence traps, functions and call by value, storage classes, arrays, strings, pointers, pointer arithmetic, const and function pointers, malloc and free, structure padding, bit manipulation, macros, file handling, undefined behaviour and an output quiz, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Git & GitHub handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 17

Git and GitHub Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style Git and GitHub notes for placements and interviews: the three areas, commits and Git internals, branches, merge vs rebase, merge conflicts, fetch vs pull, forks and pull requests, branching strategies, reset vs revert, stash, cherry-pick, reflog, bisect, commit messages and GitHub Actions, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of HTML & CSS handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 18

HTML and CSS Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style HTML and CSS notes for placements and frontend interviews: how the browser renders, semantic HTML5, images, forms, accessibility, meta tags, specificity and the cascade, box model, units, position and z-index, Flexbox, Grid, centering, responsive design, pseudo-elements, animations, CSS variables and modern CSS, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of AI / ML handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 19

AI, ML and Generative AI Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style AI, machine learning and generative AI notes for placements and interviews: ML types and workflow, regression, trees and ensembles, k-means and PCA, bias-variance, confusion matrix and F1, gradient descent, neural networks, CNN, RNN, transformers and attention, LLMs, prompt engineering, embeddings, RAG, agents and MCP, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Flutter handwritten notes by Gaurav Sharma

Handwritten notes · Part 20

Flutter and Dart Handwritten Notes for Placements (Free PDF)

26 pages of handwritten-style Flutter and Dart notes for placements and interviews: Dart basics, null safety, OOP, mixins, records and sealed classes, Futures, Streams and isolates, Stateless vs Stateful widgets, the State lifecycle, widget, element and render trees, keys, layout, navigation, forms, state management, networking, performance, testing and release, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 26 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of JavaScript interview questions by Gaurav Sharma

Interview questions · Part 1

Top 50 JavaScript Interview Questions with Answers (Free PDF)

49 pages covering the 50 most-asked JavaScript interview questions, each with a short answer to say first and a detailed explanation: var/let/const, hoisting, closures, this, the event loop and output puzzles, promises and async/await, plus coding answers for debounce, throttle, deep clone, Promise.all, bind, curry, memoize and an LRU cache, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 49 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of C++ interview questions by Gaurav Sharma

Interview questions · Part 2

Top 50 C++ Interview Questions with Answers (Free PDF)

56 pages covering the 50 most-asked C++ interview questions, each with a short answer to say first and a detailed answer with code, output and follow-ups: OOP, pointers vs references, virtual functions and vtable, virtual destructors, Rule of 3/5/0, smart pointers, RAII, STL, move semantics, output questions and coding questions, with Hinglish explanations.

  • 56 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of React interview questions by Gaurav Sharma

Interview questions · Part 3

Top 50 React Interview Questions with Answers (Free PDF)

The 50 most-asked React interview questions with detailed answers, for freshers and developers with up to 2 years of experience: virtual DOM, keys, props vs state, every common hook, re-renders, reconciliation, Fiber, concurrent rendering, React 19 Actions, Server Components, hydration, performance, testing and four coding questions, with code, diagrams and Hinglish explanations.

  • 51 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF
Cover of Node.js interview questions by Gaurav Sharma

Interview questions · Part 4

Top 50 Node.js Interview Questions with Answers (Free PDF)

The 50 most-asked Node.js interview questions with detailed answers, for freshers and backend developers with up to 2 years of experience: the event loop, libuv, process.nextTick vs setImmediate, streams and backpressure, EventEmitter, cluster vs worker_threads vs child_process, Express middleware, JWT auth, Mongoose, graceful shutdown, testing, and coding and output-prediction questions, with code and Hinglish explanations.

  • 61 pages
  • PDF
  • English + Hinglish
  • Free by email
Preview & request full PDF